The Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Current and Future Concepts - Tapa dura

This volume first reviews the embryology, gross anatomy and microanatomy of the anterior cruciate ligament and examines the extracellular matrix. The next section provides a thorough account of the function of the ACL and describes various measurement and evaluation methods. The work highlights a detailed examination of injury, healing and repair, including recent findings on cytokines, growth factors and intra-articular factors. It also features a section on reconstruction and substitutes, describing various biological grafts, and goes on to discuss the indications for surgery, the mechanics of ACL reconstruction, the complications, the rehabilitation of the knee after ACL reconstruction, and the methods used to assess the outcome of treatment. Finally, there is some consideration of future directions in basic science, clinical applications and research.